Attention is paid to disturbing memories of the past and related events. In addition, it is given to current situations that cause distress and to the development of the skills and attitudes necessary for positive future actions. One of the main objectives of the preparation phase is to establish a relationship of trust between the client and the therapist. While the person doesn't have to go into detail about their disturbing memories, if the EMDR client doesn't trust their therapist, they may not accurately report what they are feeling and what changes they are experiencing (or not) during eye movements.
If the client just wants to please the therapist and says that they feel better when they don't, no therapy in the world will resolve that client's trauma. During the preparation phase, the therapist will explain the theory of EMDR, how it is done, and what the person can expect during and after treatment. Finally, the therapist will teach the client a variety of relaxation techniques to calm down any emotional disorders that may arise during or after a session. In addition, during the evaluation phase, the person identifies the negative emotions (fear, anger) and physical sensations (tightness in the stomach, cold hands) that he associates with the goal.
The customer also rates the belief negative, but uses a different scale called the Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUD) scale. This scale rates the feeling from 0 (no disturbance) to 10 (worst) and is used to assess customer disruption. During desensitization, the therapist guides the person through a series of eye movements, sounds, or touches with appropriate changes and changes in focus until their SUD scale levels are reduced to zero (or 1 or 2 if more appropriate). Starting with the main objective, the different associations with memory are followed.
For example, a person may start with a horrible event and soon have other associations with him. The therapist will guide the client to a complete resolution of the objective. You will be asked to focus on an image that causes a negative reaction, and at the same time perform eye movements using bilateral stimulation. Bilateral stimulation is performed in a series of sets lasting about 25 seconds each.
After each set of eye movements, you will be instructed to take a deep breath and provide feedback on your experience during the previous series. After the installation phase, you will be asked to bring the traumatic event for re-evaluation. The purpose of this is to help the therapist see if there is any residual trauma; in other words, if the event causes a somatic response, such as an elevated pulse. High blood pressure or muscle tension.
If you continue to experience negative emotions related to the event, your therapist will continue with bilateral eye movement sessions. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy (Shapiro, 200) was initially developed in 1987 for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and is guided by the adaptive information processing model (Shapiro 200). EMDR is an individual therapy that is usually given once to twice a week for a total of 6 to 12 sessions, although some people benefit from fewer sessions. Sessions can be held on consecutive days.
In addition to obtaining a complete history and carrying out the appropriate evaluation, the therapist and the client work together to identify treatment goals. Goals include past memories, current triggers, and future goals. The fifth phase of EMDR is the installation, which strengthens the preferred positive cognition. The sixth phase of EMDR is the body scan, in which clients are asked to observe their physical response while thinking about the incident and positive cognition, and identify any residual somatic distress.
If the customer reports a disturbance, standardized procedures involving the BLS are used to process it. Closure is used to end the session. If the target memory was not fully processed in the session, specific instructions and techniques are used to provide containment and ensure security until the next session. Mike was a 32-year-old flight doctor who had completed two tours in Iraq.
He had been discharged from the Army due to his post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and divorced a 2-year-old son. Army psychologist referred Mike for treatment of his PTSD with desensitization therapy and eye movement reprocessing. As this therapy is in the infantile stage compared to other basic psychotherapies, many more studies need to be done to understand the variety of areas in which EMDR can be used. .
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